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Fam.:  Orchidaceae / Orchid Family

Synon.:  Epipactis moratoria  (RIECH. & ZIRNSACK) RIECH. & ZIRNSACK

Genus:  Epipactis  ZINN
 

Authors:
   L.:  Carl von Linné (Linnaeus, 1707 - 1777), Swedish naturalist who introduced the binary naming system for plants and animals
   CRANTZ:  Heinrich Johann Nepomuk von Crantz (1722 - 1799), Austrian botanist
   RIECH.:  Adolf Riechelmann (1951 - ), German orchid specialist from Franconia
   ZIRNSACK:  Adolf Zirnsack (fl. 2008), German orchid specialist
   ZINN:  Johann Gottfried Zinn (1727 - 1759), German physician and botanist
 

Etymology:
   Epipactis:   Greek plant name
   helleborine:   Veratrum-like
   moratoria:   morator = laggard (later in flower than Epipactis helleborine)
 

Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria is a relative tiny form of Epipactis helleborine, which grows at shadowy sites on calcareous soil, e.g. in beech woods on limestone. It has been described in 2008 by RIECHELMANN and ZIRNSACK in Ber.Arbeitskrs.Heim.Orchid. 25(1), 57-84 from the Northern Franconian Alb (Fränkische Alb, Bavaria, Germany).
Investigations of the University of Ulm (Southern Germany) of plants from different sites resulted, that the floral scent of Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria, Epipactis helleborine subsp. minor, and Epipactis helleborine s.str. is different. This supports the hypothesis that the three plants are different species. The results have been pulished in Jour.Eur.Orch 47(1):11-32 (2015). However all are visited by wasps and are hybrididizing easily, if they are growing together.
BERGFELD and BERLINGHOF found out that the three taxa, which have been separated via different floral scent, can also be separated morphologically: Flowering Epipactis helleborine subsp. minor are up to 28 cm tall and have 3 to 5 leaves (all leaves except the bracts of the blossoms and the brown scaly leaves at the base of the stem). Flowering Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria are 38 bis 65 cm tall and have 5 to 7 leaves. Taller plants or those with more leaves are Epipactis helleborine s.str.. There are other attributs which separate the three taxa, e.g. the horizontally arranged seed capsules of minor and moratoria, of which those of minor are shorter. Or the substrate on which they are growing (minor only on limestone, moratoria also on loess).

 

Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 1:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 2:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 3:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 4:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 5:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 6:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 7:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 8:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 9:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 10:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 11:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Fig. 12:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Kraichgau 4.7.2011
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Fig. 13:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Fig. 14:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Fig. 15:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Fig. 16:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Fig. 17:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine, D  Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
Fig. 18:  Epipactis helleborine subsp. moratoria / Late Broad-Leaved Helleborine
D Bensheim-Langwaden 23.6.2018
   
 


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