Ophrys bilunulata RISSO (1844) is DELFORGE's name for the Ophrys fusca s.l. with medium-sized flower, which is pollinated by Andrena flavipes and which is not rare in the Western Mediterranean. The selection of this name is very disputed. The name Ophrys leucadica has been used, too, but in between there is an agreement that this is a South East European plant. According to recent publications the region of Ophrys bilunulata reaches Southern Italy.
In 2011 in Jour.Eur.Orch. 43 (3) LOWE splits the western-mediterranean plants up to Ophrys bilunulata from French Provence and Italy, as well as in Ophrys subfusca, which he sees not only in Northern Africa, but to which he also assigns the French plants from Languedoc-Roussillon as well as the Spanisch and Portuguese plants. Also the Maltese and Southeast Sicilian Ophrys caesiella are seen under Ophrys subfusca by LOWE.