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Some Neophytes in North Rhine-Westphalia | ||||
'Neophytic' and 'adventive plants' are wild plants, which were not originally growing there, but immigrated or were introduced since 1492 when Columbus reached America.
'Neophytic' means those of the immigrated or introduced plants, which are able to adapt to the climatic and other conditions, and last permanently.
The more general term 'adventive plant' is used for any plant which arrives newly, even if it isn't able to last.
Plants which immigrated or have been introduced earlier than 1492 are called 'archaeophytes', but these are not the theme of this page.
Some findings of outstanding neophytes from North Rhine-Westphalia are presented here. Frequent neophytes as Solidago, Amaranthus etc. aren't mentioned here, these are e.g. shown in Neophytes in the 'Kurpfalz', the presentation on the neophytes of the region around Mannheim and Heidelberg in Baden-Württemberg. | ||||
At the Rhine shore of Zündorf and (Porz-)Langel in the South-East of Cologne in autumn the following neophytes were found among others: |
Persicaria pensylvanica / Pennsylvania Smartweed Polygonaceae / Knotweed Fam. |
Abutilon theophrasti / Velvet Leaf, Flowering Maple Malvaceae / Mallow Fam. | ||
Solanum chenopodioides / Whitetip Nightshade, Goosefoot Nightshade Solanaceae / Nightshade Fam. |
Physalis grisea / Downy Ground Cherry Solanaceae / Nightshade Fam. |
Physalis peruviana / Cape Gooseberry Solanaceae / Nightshade Fam. | ||
Cucurbita pepo / Marrow Cucurbitaceae / Cucumber Fam. |
Citrullus lanatus / Water Melon Cucurbitaceae / Cucumber Fam. |
Helianthus annuus / Sunflower Asteraceae / Composite Fam. | ||
Datura stramonium var. tatula / Purple Thorn Apple Solanaceae / Nightshade Fam. |
Datura stramonium / Thorn Apple Solanaceae / Nightshade Fam. |
Mimulus guttatus / Monkey Flower Scrophulariaceae / Figwort Fam. | ||
At the edges of a foot path in the area of the university of Bochum the following four neophytes have been found in 2018: |
Impatiens tricornis / Three-Horned Balsam Balsaminaceae / Balsam Fam. |
Impatiens balfourii / Balfour's Balsam Balsaminaceae / Balsam Fam. | ||
Atriplex hortensis / Garden Orache Chenopodiaceae / Goosefoot Fam. |
Cyclamen hederifolium / Ivy-Leaved Cyclamen, Sowbread Primulaceae / Primrose Fam. |
Cyclamen hederifolium / Ivy-Leaved Cyclamen, Sowbread Primulaceae / Primrose Fam. | ||
More Neophytes in NorthRhine-Westphalia: | ||||
Carex vulpinoidea / American Fox Sedge, Brown Fox Sedge Cyperaceae / Sedge Fam. Bochum; from America |
Cortaderia selloana / Pampas Grass Poaceae / Grass Fam. Motorway at Bochum |
Miscanthus sacchariflorus / Amur Silver Grass Poaceae / Grass Fam. Hövelhof, Bochum | ||
Onopordum x hortorum / Garden Cotton Thistle Asteraceae / Composite Fam. Holzwickede |
Bunias orientalis / Warty Cabbage Brassicaceae / Crucifers Oberhausen |
Lysichiton americanus / American Skunk Cabbage, Swamp Lantern Araceae / Arum Fam. Duisburg; from America | ||
Pistia stratiotes / Water Cabbage Araceae / Arum Fam. Moated castle of Lüdinghausen; Erft near Grevenbroich |
Myriophyllum heterophyllum / Various-Leaved Water Milfoil, Twoleaf Water Milfoil Haloragaceae / Water Milfoil Fam. University of Düsseldorf |
Cabomba caroliniana / Carolina Fanwort, Green Cabomba Cabombaceae / Fanwort Fam. Teverener Heide | ||
Sagittaria latifolia / Broadleaf Arrowhead Alismataceae / Water Plantain Fam. Elmpt Schwalmbruch; from Northern America |
Triadenum fraseri / Bog St. John's-Wort, Fraser's St. John's-Wort Hypericaceae / St.John's Wort Fam. Emsdetten Venn; from Northern America |
Petasites japonicus / Japanese Butterbur Asteraceae / Composite Fam. Bochum | ||
Lysimachia clethroides / Gooseneck Loosestrife Primulaceae / Primrose Fam. Kierspe; from East Asia |
Symphytum x hidcotense / Hidcote Comfrey = Symphytum grandiflorum x uplandicum Boraginaceae / Borrage Fam. Entrance of the Teverener Heide |
Collomia grandiflora / Large-Flowered Collomia Polemoniaceae / Jacob's-Ladder Fam. Eifel near Herhahn; from America | ||
Veronica peregrina / American Speedwell Scrophulariaceae / Figwort Fam. Hattingen |
Scilla sardensis / Sardes Glory of the Snow Liliaceae / Lily Fam. Hagen, Jülich |
Hyacinthoides non-scripta / English Bluebell Liliaceae / Lily Fam. Hückelhofen-Baal | ||
Allium paradoxum / Few-Flowered Leek Liliaceae / Lily Fam. Leverkusen |
Koenigia polystachya / Himalayan Knotweed Polygonaceae / Knotweed Fam. Winterberg |
Persicaria nepalensis / Nepal Knotweed Polygonaceae / Knotweed Fam. Kirchhundem | ||
Ceratocapnos claviculata / Climbing Corydalis Fumariaceae / Fumitory Fam. Steinfurt |
Solanum sarachoides / Saracha Nightshade Solanaceae / Nightshade Fam. Neuss |
Potentilla indica / Yellow-flowered Str0awberry Rosaceae / Rose Fam. Attendorn, Essen | ||
Aucuba japonica / Gold Dust Plant Garryaceae / Aucuba Fam. Leverkusen |
Kalmia angustifolia / Dwarf Mountain Laurel Ericaceae / Heather Fam. Steinfurt |
Euonymus fortunei / Fortune's Spindle Celastraceae / Spindle Fam. Hagen-Haspe | ||
Hedera colchica / Georgian Ivy Araliaceae / Ivy Fam. Duisburg |
Hedera helix / Ivy Araliaceae / Ivy Fam. Bochum |
Pachysandra terminalis / Carpet Box Buxaceae / Box Fam. Schalksmühle, Aachen | ||
Berberis julianae / Juliane's Barberry Berberidaceae / Barberry Fam. Aachen |
Phyllostachys bambusoides / Giant Timber Bamboo Poaceae / Grass Fam. Bochum | |||
Selaginella kraussiana / Krauss' Spikemoss, African Clubmoss Selaginellaceae / Lesser Clubmoss Fam. Essen |
Cyrtomium fortunei var. clivicola / Japanese Holly Fern Pteridopsida / True Ferns Bochum, in a chamber for a basement window Left: In the Conifers Arboretum of the Gruga at Essen Krauss' Spikemoss Selaginella kraussiana is widespread in the lawn. |
Adiantum raddianum / Delta Maidenhair Fern Pteridopsida / True Ferns Essen, in a chamber for a basement window | ||
Rarely useful plants are running wild: | ||||
Chaerophyllum byzantinum / Byzantine Chervil Apiaceae / Umbellifers Duisburg |
Cyclospermum leptophyllum / Marsh Parsley, Fir-Leaved Celery Apiaceae / Umbellifers Bochum |
Fragaria iinumae x vesca / 'Fontaine' Strawberry Rosaceae / Rose Fam. Hagen | ||
Several ornamental plants are running wild in towns and villages in pavement cracks: | ||||
Pentaglottis sempervirens / Green Alkanet, Evergreen Bugloss Boraginaceae / Borrage Fam. Krefeld |
Bidens triplinervia var. macrantha / Three-Nerved Beggartick Asteraceae / Composite Fam. Essen, Bochum |
Portulaca grandiflora / Moss Rose Purslane Portulacaceae / Purslane Fam. Bochum | ||
Salvia hispanica / Chia Seeds Lamiaceae / Mint Fam. Wickede |
Soleirolia soleirolii / Baby's Tears Urticaceae / Nettle Fam. Krefeld | |||
Whether these two plants in front of the Vitus bath at Mönchengladbach are neophytes which ingressed into the lawn, is not clear, they could also have been sown as lawn replacement. |
Lobelia pedunculata / Blue Star Creeper, Trailing Pratia Campanulaceae / Bellflower Fam. |
Dichondra repens / Creeping Dichondra Convolvulaceae / Bindweed Fam. | ||
Sedum pallidum / Turkish Stonecrop Crassulaceae / Stonecrop Fam. Dreiborn |
Left: Sedum species are easily runnung wild. At the edges of a former road for tanks near Dreiborn in the Eifel there are particularly abundant incidences. Right: In cemeteries often Sedum species can be found run wild out of seed from plantings. |
Sedum ellacombeanum / Ellacombe Stonecrop Crassulaceae / Stonecrop Fam. Bochum | ||
Also others of the many ornamental plants which are planted on graves in cemeteries can grow seed and run wild. |
Cotula squalida / Common Brassbuttons Asteraceae / Composite Fam. Bochum, Dortmund |
Melampodium montanum / Mountain Blackfoot Asteraceae / Composite Fam. Schalksmühle-Wippekühl | ||
Viola wittrockiana / Pansy Violaceae / Violet Fam. Attendorn |
Echinacea purpurea / Eastern Purple Coneflower Asteraceae / Composite Fam. Bonn-Poppelsdorf cemetery |
Picea omorika / Serbian Spruce Pinaceae / Pine Fam. Bonn-Poppelsdorf cemetery | ||
Carex morrowii / Japanese Sedge Cyperaceae / Sedge Fam. var. variegata: Bochum |
Agrostis scabra / Rough Bentgrass, Hair Grass Poaceae / Grass Fam. Essen |
Polystichum munitum / Western Swordfern Pteridopsida / True Ferns Herdecke | ||
On an agricultural compost heap near Werne-Stockum the following neophytes can be found among others: | ||||
Chenopodium x reynieri / Hybrid Goosefoot = Chenopodium album x giganteum Chenopodiaceae / Goosefoot Fam. developed in Europe from an Asian and an European parent |
Xanthium strumarium / Rough Cocklebur, Common Cocklebur Asteraceae / Composite Fam. from America |
Echinochloa muricata ? / Awned Barnyard Grass, American Barnyard Grass Poaceae / Grass Fam. from America | ||
In an old quarry in Hagen the subspecies affine of the Rough Horsetail is available, which originates from North America and North-Eastern Asia and which is sold for garden culture. |
Equisetum hyemale subsp. affine / Scouring-Rush Horsetail Equisetaceae / Horsetail Fam. |
Equisetum hyemale subsp. affine / Scouring-Rush Horsetail Equisetaceae / Horsetail Fam. | ||
Naturally this list of neophytic plants of North Rhine-Westphalia is far from completeness. It will be continued on occasion. There are similar sites on some neophytes in Hesse, ... in Rheinland-Pfalz, ... in (Southern) Baden, ... in Württemberg, and the more extensive presentation on the neophytes of the 'Kurpfalz' region around Mannheim and Heidelberg. | ||||
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Inhalt
Contents |
Orchideen
Orchids |
Andere Pflanzen
Other Plants |
Pflanzen nach Familien
Plants acc. to Families |
.. Verwandtschaft:
.. Relationship: |
APG
APG |
trad.
trad. |
.. wiss. Namen
.. Scientific Names |
.. deut. Namen
.. German Names |
.. engl. Namen
.. English Names |
.. Blütenfarben
.. Bloom Colors |
.. Blütenbau
.. Flower Anatomy |
.. Blattform
.. Leaf Form |
.. Regionen
.. Regions |
.. Aufn.-Monat
.. Photo Month |
.. Früchten + Samen
.. Fruits + Seed |
.. Wurzeln + Knollen
.. Roots + Bulbs |
Schädlingsbefall + Missbildungen
Pest Infestation + Deformations |
Bäume
Trees |
Sträucher
Bushes |
Wasser-Pfl.
Water Plants |
Kletter-/Schling-Pfl.
Climbers + Twiners |
Nutz-Pfl.
Useful Pl. |
Zier-Pflanzen
Ornamental Pl. |
Farb-Var.
Color Var. |
Mehrere Kriterien
Multiple Criteria |
Biotope + Gruppen
Biotopes + Groups |
Botan.Links
Botan.Links |
18-Mar-2022 |
Copyright: Verwendung der Bilder und Texte nur mit schriftlicher Genehmigung des Autors. |
Copyright: Use of the images and texts only with the author's written permission. |